Rising local protectionism reduces interprovincial trade and manufacturing exports, and increases ’inward-looking’ sourcing by local intermediaries

Policymakers in developing countries often clash over the impact of foreign direct investment, but what does the existing literature tell us?

Policy interventions in non-agricultural small-scale enterprises shed light on what matters for firm growth and profitability

Taxes affect which domestic suppliers firms choose to trade with in India, leading to less within-country trade and firm growth

How much do international buyers in the garment industry use their market power to squeeze the mark-ups of Bangladeshi garment suppliers?

Tax policies that reduce firm inaction are more effective at stimulating investment than policies that simply lower the cost of investment

In the absence of the threat of state interference, leaders of private trader associations may extort from their own traders

The aggregate annual loss to US consumers from higher import prices as a result of the trade war with China could be as much as $68.8 billion

Evidence from South Africa shows that both marketing and financial entrepreneurship training can help small businesses boost profits