foreign direct investment

Greenfield investment plays a critical role in Africa’s integration into global value chains, with inward investment in manufacturing boosting forward participation, while outward African investment in services enhances overall participation.

In theory, responsible sourcing has ambiguous effects on workers; empirically, exposed workers benefit but with adverse knock-on effects

Domestic firms that start supplying to multinational corporations see their productivity grow between 6% and 9%

Policymakers in developing countries often clash over the impact of foreign direct investment, but what does the existing literature tell us?