import competition
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Chinese import competition makes large Indian manufacturers more innovative
Import competition from China can increase productivity among Indian firms not by lowering costs, but by encouraging innovation through quality upgrading.
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From imports to imitation: How R&D subsidies drove industrial growth in Brazil
Brazil’s R&D subsidy programme spurred long-term growth by helping financially constrained companies adopt foreign technologies and expand into high-tariff markets through import substitution.
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The gendered effects of import competition in Peru
Chinese import competition in Peru had adverse effects on employment in the short term, which dissipates for men, but is long-lasting for low-educated women in the tradable sector
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Import competition and the quality of domestic goods
Lower tariffs promote quality upgrading of products close to the world quality frontier, but discourage quality upgrading for those far away from it