Alex Armand is a Professor of Economics at Nova School of Business and Economics – Universidade Nova de Lisboa. He is also a research affiliate at CEPR, a resident member of NOVAFRICA, and a research fellow at the Institute for Fiscal Studies. His main research fields are applied microeconomics, development economics and political economy. His work is published in leading international journals, such as the American Economic Review and the Economic Journal. He holds a PhD in Economics from the University College London.