reproductive health
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Peer support boosts reproductive agency where vouchers fall short
In rural India, subsidising family planning services gets women to the clinic, but pairing subsidies with a ‘Bring-a-Friend’ voucher changes who accompanies them, reduces stigma, and delivers meaningful gains in contraceptive use.
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Electing women improves healthcare for female constituents, but can trigger a domestic violence backlash
Female politicians in India expand reproductive healthcare, but spousal conflict over number of sons can turn contraceptive gains into domestic violence.