pensions

New data from India shows that parents often retain a share of dowry, which may enable sons to migrate for work, and provide a new role for dowry in modern times.

China’s New Rural Pension Scheme unexpectedly lowered the high cost of migration by freeing younger workers from household duties – boosting migration, wages, household welfare, and even national GDP.

A non-contributory government pension in Chile raised life expectancy of the elderly poor, increasing food consumption and visits to health centres, and also had important knock-on effects on relatives living in the same household

The extension of social pensions in Namibia in the 1990s led to a rapid, substantial decline in fertility

A non-contributory pension scheme substantially improved consumption and wellbeing, and reduced the number of over-65s in poverty doing paid work

State pensions in Indonesia and Ghana are found to impact parents and their children, with respect to elderly care and investment in education