safety nets
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Can simpler, cheaper graduation programmes still deliver?
A randomised evaluation of a lower-cost graduation-style programme in rural Ethiopia finds modest gains in savings and livestock income but no sustained improvements in consumption or food security, suggesting that smaller transfers and lighter suppo...
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Guaranteed income as insurance: How safety nets in India encouraged productive investment in agriculture
In India, a guaranteed income programme acted as insurance rather than a substitute for credit, reducing downside risk for small farmers and increasing their willingness to borrow – unlocking large credit-financed gains in investment, productivity, a...
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How to protect the poor in the time of COVID-19?
How can governments in developing countries best ensure widespread and effective social protection in light of the COVID-19 pandemic?