market access

The most remote villages in Northern Tanzania pay 40–55% more for fertiliser than villages with better market access. Halving travel costs leads to a nearly fourfold increase in fertiliser adoption.

Market access can improve firms’ performance. More research is needed to understand which type of market access programmes are the best at generating firm growth.

Improved transportation networks can enable export expansion by promoting interaction between exporting firms, facilitating knowledge spillovers. Better integrated exporters also export more and export products of higher quality at a lower price.

Foreign direct investment, via 'quid pro quo', facilitated knowledge spillovers and quality upgrades in the Chinese automobile industry

Railways encouraged the growth of cities in colonial India and market access helps explain why

Transport costs, income, and market size affect variety and prices in villages. Infrastructure investment is thus key to consumer welfare.

Investments in bus rapid transit systems can lead to large returns that benefit the high-skilled more than we might expect