Indonesia

A study of Indonesia's Kartu Prakerja programme finds that on-demand cash and training assistance can significantly boost self-employment and income among those who genuinely receive it. However, the programme's flexible online design enabled third-p...

While gig drivers' demographic profiles, earnings, and work experiences differ markedly across India, Indonesia, and Kenya, a common thread emerges: the flexibility to work more hours allows drivers to increase their monthly earnings, and, in some co...

Special Economic Zones can raise formal employment and wages in the right conditions, but without strong complementary policies such as education, infrastructure and trade openness, they are unlikely to deliver sustained economic growth.

Indonesia’s non-tariff import measures – particularly inspections, import approvals, and port restrictions – significantly weakened exporters’ ability to adjust to China’s yuan depreciation by constraining their access to cheaper intermediate inputs...

Internal migration in Indonesia raises wages and improves access to formal employment for the workers left behind, particularly lower-educated workers, by easing labour supply pressures and reallocating jobs across the formal and informal sector.

Competing for development grants helped divided communities in Indonesia work together – and fight less.

Does the widespread availability of ride-hailing services in fast growing, congested cities in the developing world undermine the viability of potential investments in public mass rapid transit (MRT) systems? New evidence from Indonesia suggests that...

Despite strong public concern for climate change and pollution in Indonesia, politicians underestimate the demand for policy responses and fail to act – even when informed of voter preferences. Politicians’ misperceptions, elite capture, and politica...

Indonesia’s Special Economic Zone programme (known as Integrated Economic Development Zones) had minimal impact on regional growth and welfare, largely because it targeted remote, low-potential areas and relied solely on tax incentives. Effective des...