Parental job loss has significant negative effects on children, which can be partly mitigated by access to unemployment insurance

Job losses, through reduced income and increased exposure, lead to substantial increases in domestic violence against women which are not mitigated by unemployment benefits

Opening to trade can substantially increase local labour market concentration, but whether local firms exploit this to underpay workers depends on workers’ ability to substitute across versus within labour markets

When SOEs are privatised their employees’ wages, particularly for the less educated, fall dramatically, which also has negative spillover effects on workers at other private sector firms.