Increasing judicial staffing in frontline courts lowers the pending backlog of legal cases and enables capital stuck in litigation to be put to more productive uses, which increases access to working capital for local firms and improves firm productivity

A radio campaign highlighting the costs of vote buying drew close to 3 million votes away from vote-buying parties

Enterprise growth for small businesses in India led to schooling gains for children of literate parents but schooling losses for children of illiterate parents, lowering relative intergenerational mobility

Production networks matter for firm growth. However, little is known about what shapes firms’ production networks in developing countries. This column explores the role of community networks in West Bengal in firm-to-firm trade between 2010 and 2016. Firms systematically trade more within their caste than they would if trading relationships were randomly chosen, both for firms in large and smaller castes. Being in the same caste doubles the probability that two firms trade and, when they do, increases trade volumes by almost 20%.

Constructing rural roads in India caused farm labour exits, which increased the use of crop fires that hurt downwind communities

Encouraging tuberculosis patients in India to refer others showing symptoms for testing led to a significant uptick in testing and the identification of new cases

Education emergencies require resilient solutions: A cheap phone tutoring programme can be highly effective across contexts, emergency types, and implementer profiles, pointing to its potential scalability

Falling groundwater levels in India have enabled politicians to manipulate aid for electoral gain

Barrier-free inter-state trade can boost Indian farmers' income on average by increasing competition among intermediaries, but some farmers may lose out