war on drugs

In Mexico, children in safe areas suffer lasting academic harm when peers who fled local violence transfer to their schools – even though they were never directly exposed to that violence themselves. This hidden cost of violence is especially pronoun...

Although most Mexicans remained in their communities during the drug war, the associated violence generated large welfare losses that are mostly invisible in standard migration statistics.

As demand for heroin decreases in the US—driven by the growing dominance of synthetic opioids—drug cartels have pivoted to an unexpected but profitable venture: avocados. This has increased violence directed at civilians, presenting policymakers with...

Municipalities with oil pipelines in Mexico saw a 30% increase in cartel presence after the war on drugs began, resulting in severe economic and social impacts.

Announcements of future policies can have substantial unintended consequences and caused a surge of coca production in Colombia