The 1933 Soviet famine was not the inevitable result of poor harvests but of Stalin’s collectivisation and procurement policies, which disproportionately targeted Ukrainians and produced catastrophic, unequal mortality.
Evidence shows that public policies – ranging from education and therapy to social protection, aid, and refugee support – can reduce violence by reshaping incentives, though effectiveness in fragile contexts remains uncertain.
With violent conflict intensifying globally, bridging micro-level dynamics of trust and intergroup relations with macro-level institutional and international efforts is essential for achieving lasting peace.
Analysis of over five million criminal cases in India finds no in-group bias in acquittal decisions based on shared religion, gender, or caste – contrasting with patterns documented in other countries.
Many poor, ethnically divided societies are caught in an ‘ethnic growth trap’, where conflict, low public investment, and political economy dynamics reinforce each other, hindering development. Historical examples reveal that inter-ethnic economic co...
